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Gerund Summary

 

 

Diagnostic

Ger-Diagnostic

Gerund Diagnostic Quiz: a tool to help you identify specific points that need review
cat shower
  • Quiz 1: beginning – intermediate
  • Quiz 2: intermediate – advanced 

 

 

 

Gerunds as Subjects

Gerund Subjects

Gerund Subjects: referring to activities
  • using nouns & noun phrases for activities
  • using parallel word forms in bulleted lists
  • spelling: adding -ing (double letters)
man with chart

Trading on eBay is another way of buying and selling things.

  • listing
  • finding
  • searching

 

 

Gerunds as Objects

Gerund Objects

 

Gerund/ Infin Prac1

Gerund/ Infin Prac2

Gerund Objects: expressing attitudes about activities
  • gerunds as objects (expressing attitudes about activities)
  • verbs typically followed by gerunds
  • verbs that can be followed by gerunds or infinitives without changing meaning
  • two- and three-word verb expressions
  • commonly confused verb expressions
  • practices

 

Kid with soccerball

Jamal enjoys playing soccer.

Are you afraid of losing?

 

 

 

Verb Phrs + Gerunds

 

Verb Phrs Prac 1

Verb Phrs Prac 2

Verb Phrs Prac 3

Verbal Phrases before Gerunds: commenting on activities

Prepositions used after particular verbs:

  • surprised at
  • angry about
  • overwhelmed with
     

 

overworked man  

He talks about leaving.
He accused us of complaining.
He keeps on making trouble.
He worries about making deadlines.

 

 

Gerunds After Indirect Objects

Gerund + Ind Obj

Gerunds with Indirect Objects: expressing attitudes about activities

After certain verbs indirect objects are expressed as:

  • him for
  • his + gerund 

 

Fixing door 

I thanked him for fixing my door.

I appreciate his fixing my door.

 

 

 

 

Gerunds phrases

By / With

By / With: stating means and method

How?

  • with a knife
  • by  using a knife
man lifting weights  

How do you stay in shape?

Arnold stays in shape by working out.

 

For + Gerunds

 

 

For Followed by Gerunds: stating function

What for?

  • for cutting (function)
  • to cut (purpose)
     
string

What's it for? for tying boxes.

Why do you use it? to tie boxes.

How do you close boxes? with string / by using string.

 

Preps + Gerunds

 

 

Prepositions Followed by Gerunds: stating activities
  • before
  • without
  • with
  • about
  • from
  • instead of
  • for
  • against
     
watching tv

Jason read the manual before beginning the installation.

You can't turn it on without plugging it in.

Jane got it working by using a different cable.

 

 

 

Special Verbs

Special Verbs Before -ing: stating observations, perceptions and opinion on experiences
  • see, watch, observe
  • catch, find, watch
  • feel, hear, smell
  • have fun / trouble / difficulty
  • stand / sit / lie
working late  

He sat working.

We found him napping.

He had a hard time studying all night.

 

 

 

Related Practices

Gerund/ Infin Prac1

Gerund / Infinitive Practice 1:  verbs followed by gerunds or infinitives
  • verbs used before infinitives
  • verbs used before gerunds

 

Opening day baseball

We intended to go to the game.

We didn't was to miss going to the game.

 

Gerund/ Infin Prac2

Gerund / Infinitive Practice 2:  verbs followed by gerunds or infinitives
  • verbs used before infinitives
  • verbal phrases used before gerunds

 

boy with bat and ball

He wanted to play professional baseball.

He dreamed about playing professional baseball.

 

 

Verb Phrs Prac 1

Verbal Phrases 1: verbs + preposition phrases
  • prepositions used in verbal phrases
  • verbal phrases used before gerunds
ballet

She dreamed of becoming a ballet dancer.

She dreamed about becoming a ballet dancer.

 

Verb Phrs Prac 2

Verbal Phrases 2: verbs + preposition phrases
  • prepositions used in verbal phrases
  • verbal phrases used before gerunds

 

Studying with Children

I put off going to college.

Instead, I took care of raising my two children.

 

 Verb Phrs Prac 3

Verbal Phrases 3: verbs + preposition phrases
  • accustomed to
  • succeed in
  • be in charge of

school

Most people aren't accustomed to working hard.

If you try you can succeed in doing anything you want.

 

 

By / With Practice

By / With Practice: means or method
  • giving directions
  • using the right tool

 

hopeful for a job

You go there by taking Highway 101.

You fix it with a hammer.

 

Parallel Ger Prac

Parallel Gerunds: using similar word forms in a series
  • gerunds - discussing activities
  • identifying gerunds in sentences
matched cherries on slot machine

He is very honest, kind and responsibility.

He is very honest, kind and responsible.

 

Gerund Context

Gerunds in Context: identifying gerund use
  • gerunds - discussing activities
  • identifying gerunds in sentences
Ebay logo

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