¹The term "adjective" is reserved here for the category of words called Adjective (in caps). Note that nouns, phrases, and clauses can also function as modifiers (a term for function.) CGEL 4.2.2-3, 14.2
Quiz 1: beginning – intermediate
Quiz 2: intermediate – advanced
Int. ESL, Native Speakers
The car that is very small is economical to drive.
The car that I want to buy is economical to drive.
Int. ESL, Native Speakers
The woman who called you is here.
The woman (whom) you called is here.
Int. ESL, Native Speakers
The woman who is Greek is on the phone.
The woman whose name is Greek is on the phone.
Int.–Adv., ESL, Native Speakers
The car the lines of which are sleek is excellent. (formal)
The car whose lines are sleek is excellent. (less formal)
The car with the sleek lines is excellent.
Int.–Adv., ESL, Native Speakers
San Francisco, where the "flower children" began, is a colorful city.
The 1960s, when the "flower children" thrived, was a colorful decade.
Int.–Adv. ESL, Native Speakers
Whoever you want, you can have on your team.
Whichever one you want, you can have.
Whatever you want, you can have.
Adv., ESL, Native Speakers
The Walt Disney Company has several parks, all of which are run by Walt Disney Parks and Resorts.
California has a lot of visitors, most of whom come to see Disneyland.
Int.–Adv., ESL, Native Speakers
The water that I drank last night contained sodium.
The Evian water, which I drank last night, contained sodium.
Int.–Adv., ESL, Native Speakers
Candy that contains chocolate is dangerous to dogs.
Candy, which is a sweet, is irresistible to children.
Int.–Adv., ESL, Native Speakers
He deleted the picture that upset me. (The picture upset me.)
He deleted the picture, which upset me. (The action upset me.)
Int.–Adv. ESL, Native Speakers
Also known as: That + be deletion, or changing a finite relative clause to a non-finite relative clause
The seat [that was] next to me was empty.
The woman [who is] seated behind me is eating popcorn.
A talk show [which is] trying to improve its rating may plan a fight.
Int.–Adv. ESL, Native Speakers
Also known as: That + be deletion, or changing a finite relative clause to a non-finite relative clause
The subcommittee [which meets] next week will discuss a new bill.
The subcommittee meeting next week will discuss a new bill.
Int.–Adv. ESL, Native Speakers
That + be deletion; finite to a non-finite relative clause
The Golden Gate Bridge, [which was] designed by Charles Ellis, ...
The Golden Gate Bridge, designed by Charles Ellis, ...
Int.–Adv. ESL, Native Speakers
[That + be deletion; finite and nonfinite clause; adjunct modifiers]
The federal agency, which was locating the prison on Alcatraz,
preferred the isolated location of the island.
The federal agency, which was located in San Francisco,
preferred the isolated location of the island.
practices for Azar UUAE chapter 13
Located in Review Practices
Commercials that you see on TV (is / are) ____ aimed at children.
auto-correcting quiz – multiple choice
The Bay to Breakers race, (its, whose, that) ____ name comes from its route, is fun for all.
Int. ESL, Native Speakers
At least three quarters of the monkeys – in the zoo – suffer from nutritional deficiencies.
The monkey – under the bananas – is hiding.
The monkeys – under the bananas – are hiding.
Int.–Adv. ESL, Native Speakers
Who did you give your number to?
To whom did you give your number? very formal
Can you tell me what kind of person you are interested in?
Can you tell me in what kind of person you are interested?
The word that you looked up is not in my dictionary.
*The word up which you looked is not in my dictionary.