That: Adding Descriptive Clauses for Inanimate Things

An adjective can be one word, a phrase or a clause:

WORD MODIFIERS	PHRASE OR CLAUSE MODIFIERS
A word or series of modifying words (adjectives) come before the noun.	A modifying phrase or clause comes directly after the word. A pronoun, that, joins the modifer to the main clause. In the example below, the subject of the modifying clause is replaced by that.
We traded in our gas-consuming car for a new, electric car.	We traded in our car that was old for a new car.

trade in (v.) – to give something old as partial payment for something new

Replace the subject-noun (in the modifying clause) with that
and insert the clause next to the word it modifies in the main clause.

JOIN THE SENTENCES:		MAIN CLAUSE	MODIFYING CLAUSE
1	Replace the subject-noun It with that.	The car is economical to drive.	It is very small.
1	Replace the subject-noun It with that.		that is very small
2	Insert the clause into the main sentence.
			The car that is very small is economical to drive.

ERROR	FIX
The car is very economical that holds just two passengers.	The car that holds just two passengers is very economical. Move the clause forward, next to the word it modifies.

Replace the object-noun (in the modifying clause) with that
and move it forward and next to the word it modifies in the main clause.

JOIN THE SENTENCES:		MAIN CLAUSE	MODIFYING CLAUSE
1	Replace the object-noun it with that	The car is economical to drive.	I want to buy it.
1	Replace the object-noun it with that		I want to buy that
2	Move the relative pronoun to the front of the sentence.
3	Insert the clause into the main sentence.
	Option: "that" can be omitted if the clause helps to identify the noun it modifies. more info		The car (that) I want to buy is economical to drive.

ERROR	FIX
The car that I want to buy it is economical to drive.	The car (that) I want to buy is economical to drive. Delete it. Otherwise, there are two pronouns referring to the car.

ERROR

FIX

The car that I want to buy it is economical to drive.

The car (that) I want to buy is economical to drive.

Delete it. Otherwise, there are two pronouns referring to the car.

Join the two sentences into one sentence.
Change the second sentence into a clause. (Leave the prepositions at the end of the sentence.)

#	YOUR RESPONSE	CHECK
1	The car averages 39 miles per gallon. ADD: It holds about 9 gallons.
2	The car averages 39 miles per gallon. ADD: I want one!
3	When I was in Italy, I admired a Smart car . ADD: It was parked outside a cafe.
4	When I was in Italy, I leased a Smart car . ADD: I drove it across Europe.
5	The car is a Smart car. ADD: You can park it nose-in to the curb.
6	A parking space is perfect for a Smart car. ADD: It is too small for most cars.
7	A Smart car managed to do well in crash tests. ADD: Engineers tested it.
8	A Smart car managed to do well in crash tests. It was tested for head-on crashes. "that + be" deletion option