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 PRACTICE ON POINTS OF ENGLISH GRAMMAR

• Conditionals
• Pres-Future Real
• Pres-Past Real
• Present Unreal
• Past Unreal
• Past Unreal 2
• Should/Could have
• Mixed Tenses
• Implied Conditions
• Wishes
• Wish Agreement
• If/Unless
• Omitting If
• In case
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In case

Indicating Emergency Plans

 

 

Adverbs for urgent conditions

• in case           –  if in an urgent situation
• in the event   –  if in an emergency
• should            –  if

 

Phrases Introducing Conditions

CONDITION	PLAN
Subordinating conjunction + dependent clause	independent clause
In the event (that) you need to reach me,	call my cell phone.
In case you need to reach me,	call my home.
Should you need to reach me,	call me at work.

 

 

 Verb Tense

CONDITION	PLAN / RESULT
The conditional clause introduces the time frame.	The intended plan may be habitual or customary.
In the event (that) a hurricane approaches,  (present & future)	a siren sounds.  (present & future)
In case it rained, (past)	we left an umbrella in the car.   (past habitual - whenever)
Should you need to reach me, (present anytime & future)	I will be available by cell phone. (future)

 

 

 

Commas

CONDITION – INITIAL POSITION	CONDITION – MID-POSITON
Use a comma when beginning with the conditional clause.	No comma is needed when using standard sentence order.
In the event (that) you need to reach me, call me.	Call me in the event you need me.
In case you need to reach me, call me.	Call me in case you need me.
Should you need to reach me, call me.	Call me should you need me.

 

 

 

Common Mistakes

ERROR	FIX
In the event (that) you will have a car accident, call your insurance agent immediately.	In the event (that) you have a car accident, call your insurance agent immediately.  (present & future)  Future is implied with the present tense verb.
In case he had forgotten to bring water, we carried our own. (earlier past)	In case he forgot to bring water, we carried our own.  Use simple past because the emphasis is on the plan not the time difference.
Should she needs a ride, call me. (present anytime & future)	Should she need a ride, call me. (present anytime & future) No subject-verb agreement is used with a modal verb.

 

 

 

 

Practice 1

Probability

 

 

1. Select the word from each menu that best completes the sentence.  Pay attention to subject-verb agreement.
2. Compare your response to the answer by clicking the "check" button to the right. 

#	YOUR RESPONSE	CHECK ANSWER
1.	I doubt that you will need them, but here are my emergency numbers.     Here are my emergency numbers in case - you will need them. you need them.
2.	It's not likely, but if my brother calls, tell him I'll be home tonight.   Should  - my brother calls my brother will call , tell him I'll be home tonight.
3.	If there is a tornado, find shelter underground.   In the event  - there is a tornado there be a tornado , find shelter underground.
4.	It's unlikely that I will win the lottery, but if I do, please don't ask me for money.  Should - that I win the lottery I win the lottery , don't ask me for money.
5.	If an earthquake occurs, stand in a doorway.  In the event - an earthquake will occur an earthquake occurs , stand in a doorway.
6.	While you may not need them, I am leaving my car keys here for you.  I am leaving my car keys here for you in case - you may not need them you need them
7.	I'll leave the cookies on the counter, here, if you want any more.  Should - if you want any more you want any more , I will leave them, here, on the counter. (Note that the speaker expresses additional doubt by using 'any' instead of 'some'.)
8.	While it probably won't rain, if you like I can lend you an umbrella.   In case - it probably won't rain it's rain it rains , I can lend you an umbrella.
9.	It probably won't happen, but if you get home late, I'll leave the light on.  Should - if you get home late you get home late you gets home late ,   I'll leave the light on.
10.	If the President calls, tell him I am busy!  In the event - the President call the President calls , tell him I am busy!

 

 

 

Practice 2

Alternate Plans

 

 

 

1. Select the word from each menu that best completes the sentence.  Pay attention to subject-verb agreement.
2. Compare your response to the answer by clicking the "check" button to the right. 

#	YOUR RESPONSE	CHECK ANSWER
11.	Give him my cell phone number - should in the event that in case  he need me.
12.	- Should In the event that In case she gets overwhelmed, ask her to call me.
13.	- Should In the event that In case my cell phone be turned off, call my office number.
14.	Call my home - should in the event that in case no answers the phone in the office.
15.	- Should In the event that In case you call my home and no one answers, call my parents.

 

 

 

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